All JLPT N4 Grammar

The form "V+(ら)れる" is used to express the passive voice in Japanese. It indicates that the subject receives an action, often used when the subject is affected by someone else's action. For ichidan verbs, add "られる" to the verb stem. For godan verbs, change the final "u" into "a" and add "れる".

The form "お+V+になる" is a respectful or honorific way to express actions performed by others, often used for superiors or to show politeness. It elevates the subject's actions.

These forms are demonstrative adjectives in Japanese. "こんな" indicates something close to the speaker, "そんな" indicates something close to the listener or something known by both, and "あんな" refers to something distant from both speaker and listener. They modify nouns to describe the type or nature of something.

The form "N+にする" is used to indicate making a decision or choice. It often translates to "decide on" or "choose" in English. For example, "コーヒーにする" means "I'll have coffee" or "I choose coffee".

The form "V+(ら)れる" is used to create the passive voice in Japanese. It indicates that the subject is affected by an action performed by someone or something else. For ichidan verbs, add "られる" to the verb stem. For godan verbs, change the last character to its corresponding "a" form and add "れる".

"らしい" is used to express hearsay or conjecture. It indicates that the speaker has inferred the information based on indirect evidence or rumor.